Elefantiasis verrugosa nostra asociada a linfedema crónico y acroangiodermatitis de mali (pseudo sarcoma de Kaposi). Reporte de caso / Elephantiasis nostra verrucosa associated with chronic lymphedema and acroangiodermatitis of mali (pseudo sarcoma of Kaposi). Case report

La elefantiasis verrugosa nostra es una patología poco frecuente secundaria a linfedema crónico no filariásico, con la consecuente deformación y aumento de volumen del miembro afecto acompañado de un engrosamiento excesivo de la piel. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino con hiperplasia verrugosa en miembros inferiores secundaria a linfedema crónico por trastornos de la circulación venolinfática.

The elephantiasis nostra verrucosa is a rare pathology secondary to chronic non-filarial lymphedema, with the consequent deformation and volume increase of the affected limb accompanied by excessive thickening of the skin. We present the case of a male patient with verrucous hyperplasia in the lower limbs secondary to chronic lymphedema due to disorders of the venolymphatic circulation.

Linfedema escrotal masivo: Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Massive scrotal lymphedema: case report and literature review

El lindefema masivo localizado es una condición rara pero su incidencia se encuentra en aumento. El linfedema puede ser primario o secundario a infecciones, radioterapia, cirugías, cáncer, enfermedades del sistema inmune o a compresión. Algunos autores han sugerido un incremento en su incidencia debido a la epidemia de obesidad. El linfedema escrotal produce una morbilidad importante debido a mala higiene, infecciones, incontinencia urinaria, disfunción sexual, pérdida de la libido e inclusive limitación en la deambulación. Las opciones de tratamiento no quirúrgico de la linfedema incluyen el drenaje linfático manual, prendas de compresión, terapia física y ejercicio. Usualmente, el tratamiento conservador falla debido a la dificultad anatómica que presenta la región genital para la aplicación de dichas terapias. El tratamiento quirúrgico puede ser efectivo en casos graves y moderados. Existen diferentes variantes a la técnica quirúrgica, pero la resección del tejido afectado y la reconstrucción con tejido sano es primordial. El pronóstico de esta patología tiende a ser bueno; sin embargo, se reporta una alta tasa de recidiva.

Massive localized lymphedema is a rare but rising condition that could be primary in nature or secondary to infections, radiation, surgery, malignancies, autoimmune or compression. Some authors have suggested and increased incidence due to the raising epidemic of obesity. Scrotal lymphedema causes significant morbidity such as poor hygiene, infections, urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, loss of libido and a limited ambulation. Although non operative treatment options for lymphedema include manual lymph drainage, compression garments, exercises, sequential gradient pump. Usually, non-operative techniques fail due to the difficult in the anatomic area. Surgical treatment can be effective in moderate to severe cases of giant scrotal lymphedema. There are many variations of the surgical technique, however, resection of the affected tissue and reconstruction with healthy skin is primordial. The prognosis tends to be good, although there is reported a significant amount of relapse, mostly dependent on the weight lost and diet of the patients

Diagnosis of elephantiasis nostras verrucosa as a clinical mani-festation of Kaposi's sarcoma / Diagnóstico de elefantiasis nostras verrucosa como mani-festación clínica del Sarcoma de Kaposi

Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa, a rare manifestation of Kaposi's sarcoma, is a progressive cutaneous hypertrophy caused by chronic non-filarial lymphedema secondary to obstruction of the lymphatic system that can lead to severe disfigurement of parts of the body that have gravity-dependent blood flow, due to edema, fibrosis, and hyperkeratosis, especially lower extremities. Among the various conditions that can induce chronic lymphedema are tumors, trauma, radiotherapy, obesity, hypothyroidism, chronic venous stasis, and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Kaposi's sarcoma is a vascular tumor associated with the presence of human gammaherpesvirus 8 that is predominantly cutaneous, locally aggressive, with metastasis, and is associated with the production of factors that favor inflammation, lymphatic obstruction, and lymphedema.

Elefantiasis escrotal. Presentación de un caso en Gambia / Elefantíase escrotal. Apresentação de caso na Gâmbia / Scrotal elephantiasis. Case presentation in the Gambia

Se presentó un paciente masculino con 25 años de edad, procedencia rural. Refirió en la cara lateral del hemiescroto derecho secreciones de color amarillo. En los genitales externos presentó una masa de 38 cm de largo y 35 cm de ancho, bordes irregulares, piel circundante edematosa, seca, acartonada, ulcera de 10 x 5 cm, no dolorosa y secreciones blanquecinas y serohemática escasa, pérdida de la anatomía del pene y disuria. Se confirmó el diagnóstico de elefantiasis escrotal secundaria a filariasis. Se aplicó tratamiento con dietilcarbamazina y quirúrgico. El tratamiento posibilitó la curación y la reincorpación social y sexual del paciente(AU)

A 25-year-old male patient was presented, of rural origin to the Urology office of the Royal Victoria National Hospital in the Republic of Gambia. He reported on the lateral side of the right hemiescrot yellow secretions. In the external genitalia it presented a mass of 38 cm long and 35 cm wide, irregular edges, surrounding edematous, dry, cracked skin, ulcer of 10x5 cm, non-painful and whitish secretions and serohematic scarce, loss of penile anatomy and dysuria The diagnosis of scrotal elephantiasis secondary to filariasis was confirmed. Diethylcarbamazine treatment and surgical intervention were applied. The treatment allowed the healing and social and sexual reincorpation of the patient(AU)

Um paciente do sexo masculino, 25 anos, foi apresentado, de origem rural, ao consultório de Urologia do Royal Victoria National Hospital, na República da Gâmbia. Ele relatou no lado lateral das secreções amarelas hemiescrot à direita. Na genitália externa, apresentava massa de 38 cm de comprimento e 35 cm de largura, bordas irregulares, circundando pele edematosa, seca e quebradiça, úlcera de 10x5 cm, secreções não dolorosas e esbranquiçadas e escassez seroemática, perda de anatomia peniana e disúria O diagnóstico de elefantíase escrotal secundária à filariose foi confirmado. Tratamento com dietilcarbamazina e intervenção cirúrgica foram aplicados. O tratamento permitiu a cura e a reincorpação social e sexual do paciente(AU)

A Case of Elephantiasis Nostras Verrucosa Treated with Oral Acitretin / 대한피부과학회지

Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa (ENV) is an uncommon condition caused by repeated inflammation and lymphatic obstruction. It occurs mainly in the lower extremities and is characterized by skin changes, including hyperkeratotic mossy papules and plaques, non-pitting edema, and cobblestone-like appearances. ENV can be diagnosed based on its typical clinical manifestations (pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia with enlarged lymphatic spaces, fibrous tissue proliferation, and chronic inflammation) and by skin biopsy. Although ENV is difficult to treat, reduction of lymphedema and use of keratolytic agents may be helpful. To our knowledge, only three cases of ENV have been reported. However, the case of ENV treated with oral acitretin has not been reported in domestic literatures. Therefore, we report the case of a 45-year-old woman who developed ENV. She had a past history of cellulitis and was successfully treated with oral acitretin.

Use of complex decongestive therapy with low cost material in a patient with lymphedema living in an endemic area for filariasis

Lymphatic filariasis affects millions of people around the world and may have disabling consequences. Lymphedema stands out as a chronic manifestation in patients with this disease, affecting the lower limbs and limiting motor function. This study aimed to propose a treatment protocol to decrease lower limb lymphedema of treated patients and to show the efficacy of Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) as an auxiliary resource for this condition. This is a case study of a patient treated with CDT, making use of compression methods with alternative materials and instructions for asepsis during 10 weeks. The results demonstrated that this treatment reduced lymphedema in the right lower limb of the patient from grade V to grade III, with areas of measurement reduction of up to 41%. In addition, acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) manifestations stopped in the treated patient. CDT associated with low-cost compression material, has been shown to be effective in reducing lower limb lymphedema and ADLA crises, as well as in promoting improved locomotion and performance of daily activities by the patient

Pretibial Myxedema Presenting as Severe Elephantiasis

Elephantiasis is a symptom characterized by the thickening of the skin and underlying tissues in the legs. Pretibial myxedema (PTM) is a non-frequent manifestation of autoimmune thyroiditis, particularly Graves' disease. Lesions of myxedema occur most commonly on the pretibial surfaces, also develop at sites of previous injury or scars and other areas. A 49-year-old male presented with severe elephantiasis on the both pretibial areas, dorsum of the feet, ankles and toes. Twenty years previously, he had received radioactive iodine treatment for thyrotoxicosis. Laboratory tests showed that the patient's thyroid function was normal, but the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies was very high (>40 IU/L). The biopsy confirmed PTM. Interestingly, the connective tissue was stained with the TSH receptor antibodies in the deep dermis. Elephantiasic PTM is a severe form of the myxedema and there is few reported case. We report a rare case of PTM with appearance of severe elephantiasis.

Integrated morbidity management for lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis, Ethiopia

Problem Lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis are the major causes of tropical lymphoedema in Ethiopia. The diseases require a similar provision of care, but until recently the Ethiopian health system did not integrate the morbidity management. Approach To establish health-care services for integrated lymphoedema morbidity management, the health ministry and partners used existing governmental structures. Integrated disease mapping was done in 659 out of the 817 districts, to identify endemic districts. To inform resource allocation, trained health extension workers carried out integrated disease burden assessments in 56 districts with a high clinical burden. To ensure standard provision of care, the health ministry developed an integrated lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis morbidity management guideline, containing a treatment algorithm and a defined package of care. Experienced professionals on lymphoedema management trained government-employed health workers on integrated morbidity management. To monitor the integration, an indicator on the number of lymphoedema-treated patients was included in the national health management information system.Local setting In 2014, only 24% (87) of the 363 health facilities surveyed provided lymphatic filariasis services, while 12% (44) provided podoconiosis services.Relevant changes To date, 542 health workers from 53 health centres in 24 districts have been trained on integrated morbidity management. Between July 2013 and June 2016, the national health management information system has recorded 46 487 treated patients from 189 districts.Lessons learnt In Ethiopia, an integrated approach for lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis morbidity management was feasible. The processes used could be applicable in other settings where these diseases are co-endemic

Risk factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, 2015

Introduction: Podoconiosis, a form of non-infectious elephantiasis, is a disabling Neglected Tropical Disease. In August 2015, a non-government organization reported an increase in elephantiasis cases in Kamwenge District. We conducted an investigation to confirm the diagnosis, identify causes and risk factors, and guide control efforts. Methods: we defined a suspect case-person as a Kamwenge resident with bilateral asymmetrical swelling of lower limbs lasting ≥ 1month, plus ≥ 1 of the following: skin itching; burning sensation; plantar oedema; lymph-ooze; prominent skin markings; rigid toes; mossy papillomata. A probable case was a suspect case with negative microfilaria antigen immunological-card test results. We conducted active case-finding in affected communities. In a case-control study we compared shoe-use and feet-washing practices before disease onset among 40 probable case-persons and 75 asymptomatic village control-persons, matched by age (± 5y) and sex. We collected soil samples to characterize soil-irritant composition. Results: our active case-finding identified 52 suspect cases in two affected sub-counties during 1980-2015 (incidence = 2.9/100,000/year), including 40 probable cases (mean age = 47y; range: 13-80y). The annual case counts did not increase significantly over time. All case-persons had negative immunological-card test. In the case-control study, 93% (37/40) of probable case-persons and 31% (23/75) of controls-persons never wore shoes at work (ORM-H = 6.7; 95%CI = 1.7-26); 80% (32/40) of probable case-persons and 55% (39/75) of control-persons never wore shoes at home (ORM-H = 4.4, 95%CI = 1.5-13); 70% (27/39) of probable case-persons and 47% (34/72) of control-persons washed feet at day-end rather than immediately after work (OR = 11, 95%CI = 2.1-57). Soils samples were characterized as being rich black-red volcanic clay. Conclusion: the reported elephantiasis was podoconiosis, which was associated with prolonged foot exposure to volcanic soil. We recommended health education on foot protection and washing, and universal use of protective shoes

Gigantic Suprapubic Lymphedema: A Case Study

We present the first case study of idiopathic gigantic suprapubic lymphedema and buried penis treated with puboscrotal reconstruction in a patient with initial extreme obesity after an extensive weight reduction (120 kg). Massive localized lymphedema of the suprapubic region should be differentiated from the scrotal type. Severe lymphedema could not resolve on its own and weight reduction does not seem to be helpful in such cases.

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Compliance with Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination in Kenya: Descriptive Study Results

Background: Annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA) to at least 65 - 80of the population at risk is necessary for Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) elimination. In Kenya; MDA based on diethylcarbamazine and albendazole; using the community-directed treatment (ComDT) approach has been implemented thrice in the Kwale and Malindi districts. To identify the socioeconomic factors influencing compliance with MDA; a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the two districts after the 2008 MDA. Materials and Methods: In Kwale; the Tsimba location was selected for high and Gadini for low coverage; while in Malindi; the Goshi location represented high and Gongoni; low coverage. Using systematic sampling; nine villages were selected from the four locations. Quantitative data was collected from 965 systematically selected household heads and analyzed using SPSS v. 15. For qualitative data; which was analyzed manually according to core themes of the study; 80 opinion leaders and 80 LF patients with clinical signs were purposively selected and interviewed; and 16 focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted with adult and youth male and female groups. Results: Christians were slightly more (49.1) in the high compliance areas compared to Muslims (34.3); while Muslims prevailed (40.6) in the low compliance areas compared to Christians (29). On the income level; 27from the low compared to 12.2from the high compliance areas had a main occupation; indicative of a higher income; and 95from the low compared to 78from high compliance areas owned land; also an indicator of higher economic status. Accurate knowledge of the cause of swollen limbs was higher (37) in the high compared to 25.8in the low compliance areas; and so was accurate knowledge about the cause of swollen genitals (26.8in high compared to 14in low). Risk perception was higher in the high compliance areas (52compared to 45) and access to MDA information seemed to have been better in the high compared to low compliance areas. Patients from the high compliance areas had a higher mean number of years with chronic disease (15.2 compared to 9.7). Conclusions: There is a need for more investment in reaching out to groups that are often missed during MDAs. Different strategies have to be devised to reach those in specific religious groupings and those in casual employment. This could include prolonging the duration of MDA to capture those who are out during the week seeking for casual and other forms of employment

Factors Associated With the Motivation of Community Drug Distributors in the Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination Programme in Kenya

Annual mass drug administration (MDA) is the main strategy for elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF); globally. In Kenya; community drug distributors (CDDs) are used to deliver drugs to household members. To determine factors influencing CDDs' motivation; a retrospective cross-sectional study based on qualitative data was conducted in Kwale and Malindi districts after the 2008 MDA. In Kwale; Tsimba location represented high and Gadini low compliance while in Malindi; Goshi and Gongoni locations represented high and low compliance areas; respectively. Fifteen CDDs; 80 opinion leaders; 80 LF patients; five health personnel; four LF coordinators and the National Programme Manager were purposively selected and interviewed. Sixteen focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with single-sex adult and youth male and female groups. The factors that possibly had a positive influence on CDDs' motivation were: higher education level; trust and familiarity with community members. All CDDs reported that getting recognised; being trained on LF and an innate desire to help their communities raised their motivation. Factors that possibly had negative influence included: inadequate training; drug supplies and community sensitisation and lack of supervision. The majority of the CDDs reported a lack of or outdated record-keeping books; a limited drug distribution period; inadequate moral support and incentives as negative factors on their motivation. Factors that motivate CDDs are those that enhance their capacities to perform their duties and endear respect in the communities where they serve

Dermatologia comparativa: similaridade entre elefantíase nostra verrucosa e coral / Comparative dermatology: elephantiasis nostra in verrucous form comparable to coral

Demonstra-se quadro raro de Elefantíase Nostra, na sua forma verrucosa, no dorso de pé de homem de 80 anos por episódios prévios de erisipela de repetição. As lesões confluentes vegetantes e difusas em dorso de pé são comparáveis aos corais Trumpet Coral (Caulastrea curvata).

Study of a rare case of Elephantiasis Nostra in verrucous form on the dorsum of the foot of an 80year-old male with a history of recurrent erysipelas infection. The vegetant, confluent lesions on the foot resemble Trumpet Coral (Caulastrea curvata).

Lepra: enfermedad milenaria y actual / Leprosy: an ancient and present-day disease

El desconocimiento de la lepra es común en la población general al igual que entre los médicos y el personal de la salud. Se cree que esta enfermedad ya no existe; tal vez su imagen bíblica y milenaria refuerce la idea de su eliminación. Sin embargo, la lepra continúa siendo un problema de salud pública en varios países; entre los más afectados están India y Brasil. Después del inicio de la poliquimioterapia (PQT) en la novena década del siglo XX la prevalencia de la lepra disminuyó considerablemente pero no ocurrió lo mismo con la incidencia, lo que se atribuye al poco impacto de dicho tratamiento sobre el control de la transmisión y a la existencia de un reservorio aún no identificado con exactitud. Los convivientes de los leprosos tienen alto riesgo de sufrir la enfermedad en cualquier momento de la vida, pero hasta ahora no se ha podido determinar cuáles convivientes infectados desarrollarán la enfermedad. En Colombia se informan de 400 a 550 casos de lepra cada año, lo cual sugiere que la transmisión del Mycobacterium leprae continúa a pesar de que el país está considerado en la fase de poseliminación. Este artículo presenta una revisión histórica de la lepra desde los primeros informes disponibles hasta los avances moleculares más recientes. Incluye cómo ha evolucionado la comprensión de la enfermedad, su caracterización clínica, las medidas de control y saneamiento, el tratamiento y la epidemiología.

Ignorance about leprosy is common both in the general population and among physicians and health personnel. It is believed that this disease no longer exists. Perhaps its image as a biblic and ancient scourge reinforces the idea of its elimination. However, leprosy continues to be a public health problem in several countries; among the most affected are India and Brazil. After multidrug therapy (MDT) started during the ninth decade of the XX century prevalence of leprosy dramatically decreased. Incidence, however, did not follow the same trend, probably because of the low impact of MDT on transmission, and the existence of an as yet unidentified reservoir. Familial contacts of leprosy patients are at high risk of suffering the disease at any moment in their lives. So far it has not been possible to determine which ones of the infected contacts will develop the disease. Between 400 and 550 cases of leprosy are reported every year in Colombia. This fact suggests that transmission of Mycobacterium leprae still occurs despite the country being classified as in the postelimination phase. This article presents a historical review on leprosy from the earliest available reports to the more recent advances in the molecular understanding of the disease and its agent. It includes how the comprehension about it has evolved, its clinical characterization, public health control measures, therapy and epidemiology.

Mosquito species diversity and abundance in relation to riceland agroecosystem and filarial infection in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt

The present work studied the mosquitoes abundance, identification, distribution and density in three villages [rural area] and one city [urban area] in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate namely; Kebreet, Minyat Al-Ashraaf, El-Salmia and Fowa city, respectively during the rice cultivation season in relation to filaria from June to Oct. 2009. A total of 11381 mosquitoes larvae belonging to four genera and 8 species were collected. Of which 3525 [31.0%] in Minyat Al-Ashraaf followed by 3339 [29.3%] in Kebreet, 3331 [29.3%] in El-Salmia villages compared with 1186 [10.4%] in Fowa city. The five most common species collected during this study were Culex pipiens [39.2%], Cx. antennatus [27.3%], Cx. univittatus [15.8%], Anopheles pharoensis [10.4%], and An. coustani[3.8%]. The mosquito species diversity [H] and evenness [EH] in the [rice cultivated areas] Minyat Al-Ashraf, Kebreet and El-Salmia villages [H = 1.286, EH= 0.829; H= 1.227, EH= 0.742; H= 1.110, EH=0.882; respectively] were much higher than in the Fowa city [non rice cultivated area] [H= 0.718, EH= 0.608]. On the other hand, the highest diversity and density of adult mosquitoes species obtained from Minyat Al-Ashraaf were 5 species and [33.8%], followed by Kebreet 5 species and [31.6%], El-Salmia 4 species and [24.5%], respectively compared with 3 species and [10.1%] in Fowa city. Cx. pipiens adults were the predominant species, in all filarial indicator areas [68.1, 53.4, 40.8 and 20.8 mosquitoes/room] in Minyat Al-Ashraaf, Kebreet, El-Salmia villages and Fowa city, respectively. Cx. pipiens was the only species to cany infective larvae as well as other stages, while Cx. antennatus carried immature stages only [not infective]. Filarial larvae in Cx. pipiens and Cx. antennatus were found only in Minyat Al-Ashraaf and Kebreet villages. It is inferred from the data that different levels of habitat with regard to rice cultivation have different effects on mosquito diversity and abundance. Also, our study revealed that filarial vectors Cx pipiens and Cx. antennatus had a wide distribution and high relative density especially in irrigated rice regions and hence its role in disease transmission in Kafr El-Sheikh region needs further investigation

Neurofibromatosis tipo 1 asociada a déficit cognitivo, hidrocefalia, displasia ósea y elefantiasis / Neurofibromatosis type 1 associated to cognition deficit, hydrocephaly, bone dysplasia and elephantiasis

Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 31 años, procedente de Cajamarca, con problemas cognitivos desde su escolaridad temprana, que desde los 12 años desarrolló incremento progresivo de volumen y deformación de su miembro inferior derecho y en menor cuantía del izquierdo, asociado a plegamiento de piel, crecimiento de nódulos subcutáneos, con formación de cordones nerviosos en muslo y pierna que le daban un aspecto elefantiásico. Dolor y limitación funcional para la marcha. Concomitantemente, presencia en piel de manchas café con leche generalizadas y nódulos de Lisch en ambos iris. En la resonancia magnética y TAC con contraste, se evidenciaron abundantes nódulos plexiformes en cavidad abdominopélvica, que continuaban por todo el muslo, de tamaño uniforme, formando tumoraciones y cordones. Asimismo, presentó displasia ósea (adelgazamiento de la cortical del fémur y tibia, formación de neocótilo izquierdo, pseudoartrosis). La resonancia cerebral con contraste descubrió una hidrocefalia triventricular, normotensa.

We report the case of a 31 year-old male from Cajamarca, Peru, with cognitive problems since childhood, who at 12 year-old developed increased volume and deformation of his right lower limb and to a lesser extent of his left, associated to massive skin folding, growth of subcutaneous nodules, elephantine look due to nerve cords formation in thigh and leg, pain and functional walking limitation. Concomitantly generalized skin café au lait spots, subcutaneous nodules, and Lisch nodules in both irides. Magnetic resonance and contrast TAC revealed abundant uniform plexiform nodules in abdomino-pelvic cavity forming masses and cords that continued throughout his thigh as lumps and cords. In addition, the patient presented bone dysplasia (thinning of femur and tibia cortex, pseudoarthrosis, new left cotyle formation). Contrast magnetic resonance showed triventricular normotensive hydrocephalus.

Elefantiasis: a razón de un caso / Elephantiasis: apropos of a case

Se presenta un caso de una paciente de 80 años operada por cáncer de vulva, a la que se le realizó vulvectomía radical con vaciamiento inguinal bilateral hace 20 años, que como secuela presenta elefantiasis bilateral. A propósito, se realiza revisión de la literatura planteando algunas consideraciones generales.

We present the case o fan 80-years-old woman operated of vulva cancer, who was the subject of a radical vulvectomy with bilateral inguinal draining 20 years ago, presenting bilateral elephantiasis as a sequel. Apropos of this case, we reviewed the literature and stated some conclusions.

Elefantiasis verrucosa nostra tratada con tazaroteno tópico / Elephantiasis nostras verrucosa succesfully treated with topical tazarotene

La elefantiasis verrucosa nostra es una entidad crónica poco común que se caracteriza por fibrosis y deformidad de la región corporal afectada. Es causada por linfedema crónico que puede ser congénito, secundario a una infección diferente a la filaria, o producido por cirugía, radioterapia, obstrucción neoplásica, obesidad o trauma. Según la gravedad y la causa subyacente el tratamiento puede ser médico o quirúrgico. Se reporta un caso representativo de una elefantiasis verrucosa nostra tratada exitosamente con tazaroteno tópico y medidas conservadoras.